ABSTRACT

Numerous studies have shown that compounds included in traditional herbal medicines may have the ability to change the pharmacokinetics (PK) and/or pharmacodynamics (PD) of pharmaceutical medications. As a result, concurrent use of the conventional medication with traditional herbal remedies may reduce its effectiveness, leading to what are known as herb- drug interactions (HDI). Due of a worldwide dispersed regulatory structure and the inherent heterogeneity of herbal medicine composition; generalizations of such data are contentious. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 65 and 80 percent of people in underdeveloped nations rely on medicinal plants for their main healthcare because they are impoverished or do not have access to contemporary medical care. In contrast, herbal medications are widely utilized in the industrialized world because of the widespread notion that they support "healthy living." Given this massive "consumer base," it is anticipated that HDI will have a major negative impact on patients all over the world. The majority of HDI were discovered either after post-marketing or during clinical interventions, primarily anesthesia. In many nations, including HDI into clinical surveillance is well-established and successful; yet, in others, it is still too costly and/or logistically impractical. Additionally, preclinical evaluation of traditional herbal medications is notrequired, despite the fact that it could enhance their safe use and provide information for pharmacovigilance. The pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic principles of HDI, the frequency of clinical HDI cases according to national and international records, and the difficulties in identifying them are all covered in this. Keywords: Herbal Drugs, P-glycoprotein, Cytochrome P450, Drug design, Drug-Herb Interactions
Publication date: 01/04/2026

https://www.ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/April/MS_IJBPAS_2026_10025.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.4.10025