ABSTRACT

Bhasmas are unique Herbo-mineral dosages form in ayurvedic system of medicine. It plays an important role in disease condition even in smaller dose irrespective of body constitution (prakriti). The preparation of Bhasma involves series of process in specific order namely Purification (shodhana), trituration (bhavana), pelletization (Chakrika Nirmana) and Incineration process (marana). Mandura is an iron oxide- based mineral drug obtained as a byproduct during the extraction of iron ores in the metallurgical process. The chemical substance called FeSiO4 functions as slag material (Mandura). Mandura having alternative names such as kitta and lohabhava and lohamla together with lohakitta and so on. It is widely used in management of rasa and rakta pradoshaja vikara like Pandu (Anemia) kamala (Jaundice) etc. Ancient scholars developed several tests which was mainly based on organoleptic properties of substances. Such as Varitar (lightness), Rekhapurnata (fineness), Apunarbhava (irreversibility), varna (colors) etc. which was not sufficient for proper analysis of Bhasma therefore, modern, advanced tools and techniques such as SEM analysis, chromatography, EDX, bioassays, XRD was used in the current study for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of both raw drugs and finished products. Keywords: Ayurveda, Bhasma, Mandura, Shodhana, Bhavana, Marana, Pandu, SEM, EDX
Publication date: 01/05/2026

https://www.ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/May/MS_IJBPAS_2026_10140.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.5.10140