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EFFECTS OF CORE STRENGTHENING AND SHOULDER STABILIZATION EXERCISES ON SHOULDER FUNCTION AND SHOULDER DISABILITY IN COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH ROUNDED SHOULDER POSTURE
Authors: Falguni P , MEGHAVI O* AND GOURAV P

ABSTRACT
Background: Rounded Shoulder Posture (RSP) is common among college students due to sedentary lifestyles and poor posture. It often leads to shoulder pain and dysfunction from muscle imbalances and altered biomechanics. While core strengthening and shoulder stabilization exercises are both used to improve posture and function, their comparative effectiveness in non-athletic populations remains uncertain. Objective: To compare the effects of core strengthening exercises and shoulder stabilization exercises on shoulder pain and disability in college students with RSP using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Methods: A total of 40 college students with clinically identified RSP were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each. Group A underwent core strengthening exercises, and Group B received shoulder stabilization exercises over 4 weeks (3 sessions/week). Outcome measures included NPRS for pain and SPADI for shoulder function and disability. Pre- and post- intervention scores were statistically analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests.Results: Both groups showed significant within-group improvements in NPRS and SPADI scores (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for either outcome measure (NPRS p = 0.1254; SPADI p = 0.2534), indicating comparable effectiveness. Conclusion: Both core strengthening and shoulder stabilization exercises effectively reduce shoulder pain and improve function in college students with RSP. These findings suggest that either intervention can be incorporated into postural rehabilitation programs for young adults. Further studies with larger samples and combined protocols are recommended to optimize treatment strategies. Keywords: Rounded Shoulder Posture, Core Strengthening, Shoulder Stabilization, College Students, Shoulder Pain, SPADI, NPRS
Publication date: 01/06/2026
    https://www.ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/June/MS_IJBPAS_2026_10226.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.6.10226

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