ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition characterized by progressive cartilage loss and structural changes, often assessed through X-ray imaging. This study aims to evaluate joint space narrowing and associated features such as tibial spiking and osteophyte formation while investigating the correlation between osteoarthritis severity and patient Body Mass Index (BMI). Conducted among 40 individuals aged 21–90, the research employs X-ray diagnostics alongside patient medical histories to analyze symptomatic presentation and lifestyle factors. Findings indicate that osteoarthritis severity peaks in individuals aged 60–70, with a slight predominance in females. Symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and sleep disturbances are prevalent, while lifestyle factors—particularly low exercise rates, smoking, and alcohol consumption—contribute to progression. The study emphasizes the predominance of medial joint conditions, highlighting tibial spiking and osteophyte formation as key radiological indicators. BMI analysis reveals a higher incidence of overweight individuals, reinforcing the role of weight management in OA prevention. The study underscores the importance of early detection through X-ray imaging and the need for proactive interventions, especially among high-risk age groups. Lifestyle modifications,including maintaining a healthy BMI and increasing physical activity, emerge as critical strategies in mitigating disease progression. The findings reinforce X-ray imaging as a valuable tool for diagnosis and monitoring, enabling tailored interventions that address the multifaceted nature of osteoarthritis. Keywords : Osteoarthritis, Anterio-Posterior, Joint Space Narrowing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physical Activity, Synovial Fluid
Publication date: 01/06/2026

https://www.ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/June/MS_IJBPAS_2026_10258.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.6.10258