ABSTRACT

The chronic inability to obtain or sustain an erection strong enough for fulfilling sexual activity is the hallmark of erectile dysfunction (ED), a prevalent male sexual disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ED, exploring it etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and available treatment options. Both pharmacological and non- pharmacological treatments are discussed, with emphasis on the growing role of novel therapies including low-intensity shockwave therapy and regenerative medicine. Preventive strategies and the importance of early diagnosis are also highlighted. In addition, the review considers current research trends and future directions in the management of ED. Keywords: Erectile Dysfunction, Prevalance, Pathophysiology, Clinical diagnosis, Life style modifications
Publication date: 01/08/2026

https://www.ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/August/MS_IJBPAS_2026_10373.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.8.10373